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Conservation of energy

Energy is transferred, never created or destroyed.

The common mistake

Saying energy is 'used up' or 'lost' rather than transferred (often to heat).

Instead: Track where energy goes: total in = total out. 'Wasted' energy is usually heat to the surroundings.

Worked example with Guide me

A 1 kg ball falls 5 m (g = 10). Ignoring air, how much KE does it have at the bottom?

  1. Sugar · GPE at the top?
    Student · 1 × 10 × 5 = 50 J.
  2. Sugar · Where does it go?
    Student · All into kinetic energy.

Answer: 50 J

Try 3 practice questions

  1. 1. A lamp uses 100 J and gives 20 J of light. Where's the rest?

    Show answer

    80 J, mostly as heat

  2. 2. Efficiency of that lamp?

    Show answer

    20%

  3. 3. Energy store in a stretched spring?

    Show answer

    Elastic potential

Quick answers

What is the most common mistake with conservation of energy?
Saying energy is 'used up' or 'lost' rather than transferred (often to heat).
How do I get conservation of energy right?
Track where energy goes: total in = total out. 'Wasted' energy is usually heat to the surroundings.
Can you show a worked example?
A 1 kg ball falls 5 m (g = 10). Ignoring air, how much KE does it have at the bottom? 50 J

Related concepts

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