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Cell organelles and their jobs

Each organelle has one main job — match the part to the function.

The common mistake

Saying the cell wall controls what enters (that's the membrane) or that animal cells have chloroplasts.

Instead: Membrane: controls entry/exit. Nucleus: holds DNA. Mitochondria: respiration. Ribosomes: make proteins. Plants add cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole.

Worked example with Guide me

Which organelle would a muscle cell have lots of, and why?

  1. Sugar · What does a muscle need a lot of?
    Student · Energy.
  2. Sugar · Which organelle releases energy?
    Student · Mitochondria.

Answer: Mitochondria — for respiration to power contraction.

Try 3 practice questions

  1. 1. Which part makes proteins?

    Show answer

    Ribosomes

  2. 2. Name one structure plant cells have that animal cells don't.

    Show answer

    Cell wall, chloroplasts or a large permanent vacuole

  3. 3. What controls what enters and leaves the cell?

    Show answer

    The cell membrane

Quick answers

What is the most common mistake with cell organelles and their jobs?
Saying the cell wall controls what enters (that's the membrane) or that animal cells have chloroplasts.
How do I get cell organelles and their jobs right?
Membrane: controls entry/exit. Nucleus: holds DNA. Mitochondria: respiration. Ribosomes: make proteins. Plants add cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole.
Can you show a worked example?
Which organelle would a muscle cell have lots of, and why? Mitochondria — for respiration to power contraction.

Related concepts

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